Why are migrants choosing certain destination locations?
Better healthcare services
57%
For marriage purpose
46%
Finding better job opportunities
42%
Better educational opportunities
30%
Finding better wages
17%
Proximity to home / village
15%
Greater freedom within destination
8%
Joining other family members
7%
Who are migrants moving with?
51%
Children
51%
Parents
44%
Other family members
30%
Spouse
8%
Other villagers
What duration are migrants moving for?
Short-term / temporary migrant (every year for one or more months)
27%
Long-term Migrant (One or more years)
26%
Permanent migrant
25%
Migrate some years for one or more months
16%
Migrated temporarily once but don’t plan to migrate again
5%
How many migrants are negatively impacted by extreme weather events?
1%
No. of migrants not impacted negatively by extreme weather
What livelihoods do migrants belong to at source locations?
53%
Agricultural labourers
45%
Farmers
31%
Animal husbandry
19%
Fishery worker
11%
Shop / business owner
8%
Shop / business worker
73%
Waste processing workers
24%
Domestic workers
24%
Food processing factory worker
20%
Construction workers
16%
Factory Workers
16%
Plantation workers
11%
Others
9%
Power sector worker
7%
Other manufacturing factory workers
What extreme weather events are migrants facing at source locations?
75%
Cyclones / typhoons / hurricanes
32%
Excess rain
30%
Flooding
13%
Increasing heat
10%
Landslides / mudslides
8%
Thunderstorms
7%
Drought
98%
Cyclones / typhoons / hurricanes
91%
Excess rain
87%
Flooding
60%
Increasing heat
40%
Drought
22%
Landslides / mudslides
7%
High tides / coastal storm surge
7%
Salinisation of water supply
What livelihood impacts are migrants facing as a result of extreme weather at source locations?
51% Job loss
40% Wage cut
32% Wage loss
8% Work related asset loss
7% Crop loss
91% Wage loss
69% Work related asset loss
18% Wage cut
18% Job loss
What household impacts are migrants facing as a result of extreme weather events at source locations?
68%
House damaged
27%
House destroyed
19%
Food insecurity
15%
Transportation routes in/out of village damaged/slowed
14%
Limited or damaged access to water or sanitation
10%
Health issues
7%
Loss of household assets
6%
Injury of family members
5%
Lost access to health services
64%
Transportation routes in/out of migrant location damaged/slowed
62%
Health related issues
56%
Limited or damaged access to water or sanitation
38%
Food insecurity
31%
Communication methods slowed or lost
22%
Loss of household assets
22%
Injury of family members
18%
Lost access to health services
13%
House destroyed
9%
House damaged
How are migrants coping with these livelihood and household impacts due to extreme weather at source locations?
75%
Support from family and friends
31%
Loan from formal institutions such as banks
27%
Loan from informal sources such as moneylenders
11%
Used savings
84%
Found additional work at the destination
60%
Loan from informal sources such as moneylenders
20%
Additional family members took on jobs locally
9%
Used savings
7%
Support from family and friends
What external support is available to migrants during/after these extreme weather events at source locations?
71%
Emergency relief from the government
26%
Emergency relief from CSOs/NGOs
11%
Compensation from employers
5%
No assistance received
73%
Alternate job
40%
Emergency relief from government
18%
No assistance received
PCI empowers community-led organizations across South and Southeast Asia. PCI promotes initiatives that work deeply – and at scale – on the ground and leverage this to change systems.
